NOTES		Katakana Lesson 4, Page 119: Summary of C-y-V 1
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All About Particles (Power Japanese).
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Summary of Consonant + y + Vowel Syllables キャ kya キュ kyu キョ kyo シャ sya シュ syu ショ syo チャ tya チュ tyu チョ tyo ニャ nya ニュ nyu ニョ nyo ヒャ hya ヒュ hyu ヒョ hyo ミャ mya ミュ myu ミョ myo リャ rya リュ ryu リョ ryo ギャ gya ギュ gyu ギョ gyo ジャ zya ジュ zyu ジョ zyo ビャ bya   ピャ pya ビュ byu   ピュ pyu ビョ byo   ピョ pyo キャ occurs frequently as a representation of the initial consonant + vowel of English 'cab', alternating with カ ka. ギャ oocurs frequently as a representation of the initial consonant + vowel of English 'gab', alternating with ガ ga. Sy combinations (シャ、シュ、ショ) regularly correspond to the initial consonant of English 'show'. Like z before i, zy (ジャ、ジュ、ジョ) may correspond to the medial consonant of English 'ledger' or of 'measure'. Ty combinations (チャ、チュ、チョ) regularly correspond to the initial consonant of English 'chin'.
"...one-fourth of all the characters used in modern Japanese occur in three-fourths of all the most frequently occurring words. This means that by concentrating on learning approximately 500 select characters, the student is assured of being able to read 75% of all the high-frequency words he will encounter in modern literature." - The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power.

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